Fungi is a group of plants. They mostly grow in the hot climate. These are the plants that lack chlorophyll and hence cannot manufacture their food, therfore they obtain their nutrition either from other organisms on whom they live as parasites or as saprophytes by decomposing dead organisms.
STRUCTURE OF FUNGI:
Mostly fungi are composed of thread like structures called hyphae. In multicellular fungi, the hyphal filament consist of many cells.
FUNGI CONSISTING OF HYPHAE
SIZE OF FUNGI:
Some of the fungi e.g., yeast are unicellular or microscopic. Other fungi are large in size and visible with the naked eye e.g., mushrooms, rhizopus, mucor e.t.c.
YEAST (UNICELLULAR FUNGI)
MUSHROOMS
USES OF FUNGI:
* Mushrooms are used as food.
* Penicillin is obtained from penicillium. This penicillin can be used for treatment of bacterial diseases.
PENICILLIUM
PENICILLIN
* Cheese can be prepared with the help of fungi.
CHEESE
* Fermentation process for alcohol formation is carried with the help of fungi.
DISADVANTAGES OF FUNGI:
* It may cause skin diseases in man and other animals.
* In children, it can cause lungs disturbance and nerve diseases.
* It can also destroy tomato and potato crops.
* It can cause rust and smut diseases in Wheat, barley, rice and sugarcane.
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